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Groundwater Discharge Zone Delineation Extension
CLIENT: Complex Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire
SOFTWARE: ArcView 3.x, Spatial Analyst

BACKGROUND: Complex Systems Research Center (CSRC) at the University of New Hampshire is helping coastal managers and watershed associations monitor groundwater discharge into coastal environments. Measuring this phenomenon is important since groundwater discharge often contributes more contaminant loading than surface waters, and has historically been difficult to quantify. CSRC needed an automated tool to analyze, delineate and catalog these discharge areas, whose thermal signatures are visible in panchromatic infrared imagery. The tool would be distributed to researchers and volunteers, allowing them to quickly process the thermal IR imagery and subsequently estimate the extent of the groundwater discharge and contaminant loading.

Screenshots of groundwater analysis extension in ArcView 3.x
SOLUTION: Northern Geomantics developed the Groundwater Discharge Zone Delineation extension using ESRI's ArcView 3.x and Spatial Analyst; two GIS software programs widely used throughout the National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR), the National Marine Sanctuaries (NMS) and NOAA Coastal Zone Management offices. With the extension, a user roughly delineates an area of visible groundwater discharge on a panchromatic thermal infrared image. The extension then automatically refines the area’s boundary using an image-classification algorithm. The user can automatically adjust the thermal boundary using a simple slider control and interactive graph to modify the classification parameters. Next, the groundwater discharge area is calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis and saved to a GIS layer. The Groundwater Discharge Zone Delineation extension gives coastal managers a quick and simple means of capturing data from thermal IR imagery and effectively estimating contaminant loading from groundwater.
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